@article{ref1,
title="Shearing and Bending Effects at the Knee Joint at High Speed Lateral Loading",
journal="Proceedings: Stapp Car Crash Conference",
year="1997",
author="Kajzer, Janusz and Schroeder, G. and Ishikawa, H. and Matsui, Yasuhiro and Bosch, U.",
volume="41",
number="",
pages="151-165",
abstract="The damage tolerance and mechanisms of the extended knee when exposed to lateral impact loads in pedestrian accidents, particularly those that occur at high velocity, are studied by developing an experimental method for assessing the extended lower extremity using human subjects. The most common initial damage mechanisms was due to the combination of shearing and bending deformation of the knee, which resulted in articular fractures and ligament damage. Those fractures originated from development of axial compressive forces between femur and tibia condyles.<p />",
language="",
issn="0585-086X",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}