@article{ref1,
title="Association between childhood negative life events with alcohol expectancies in early adolescence: cumulative risk and latent class approaches",
journal="Drug and alcohol dependence",
year="2021",
author="Chen, An-Jou and Chen, Wan-Ting and Wang, I.-An and Wang, Nadia and Chen, Wei J. and Chen, Chuan-Yu",
volume="226",
number="",
pages="e108853-e108853",
abstract="BACKGROUND: The present study aims to investigate the effects of childhood negative life events (NLEs) on alcohol expectancies (AEs) in early adolescence through cumulative risk and latent class approaches. <br><br>METHODS: Data were obtained from a prospective cohort of 945 sixth graders (age 11-12) ascertained from 17 elementary schools in northern Taiwan (response rate = 61.0 %(wt)); subsequent assessments were conducted during eighth grade (n = 775, follow-up rate [FR] = 82.6 %(wt)). Information concerning socio-demographics, 14 NLEs, alcohol-related experience, and four-domain AEs was collected by self-administered questionnaires at childhood and follow-up. Latent class and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate the association estimates. <br><br>RESULTS: Nearly one half of children had experienced at least one NLE in sixth grade, with one-tenth experiencing four or more NLEs. Three latent classes of NLEs were identified: &quot;lesser experience (68.1 %(wt)),&quot; &quot;stressed relationship (27.6 %(wt)),&quot; and &quot;family instability (4.3 %(wt)).&quot; The observed NLE-associated increase in AEs was relatively stronger in the cumulative approach: children experiencing four or more NLEs (β(wt) = 1.27, 95 % CI = 0.27-2.27) and in the &quot;stressed relationship&quot; NLE class appeared to develop greater AEs (β(wt) = 0.86, 95 % CI = 0.30-1.42). Moreover, such NLE-associated increase was especially salient in the AE domains regarding &quot;global positive transformation&quot; and &quot;promoting relaxation or tension reduction&quot;. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide insight into which experiences of multiple and &quot;stressed relationship&quot; negative life events arising from the family context in childhood may shape endorsed alcohol expectancies in adolescence, and implied that such effects may not uniformly operate across AE domain.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0376-8716",
doi="10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108853",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108853"
}