@article{ref1,
title="Dynamic response of the spine during plus gx acceleration",
journal="Proceedings: Stapp Car Crash Conference",
year="1975",
author="Prasad, Priya and Mital, N and King, Albert I. and Patrick, L. M.",
volume="19",
number="",
pages="869-897",
abstract="A review of the existing mathematical models of a car occupant in a rear-end crash reveals that existing models inadequately describe the kinematics of the occupant and cannot demonstrate the injury mechanisms involved. The paper shows the results of a 78 degree-of-freedom model of the spine, head, and pelvis which has already been validated in plus G//z and minus G//x acceleration directions. It considers automotive-type restraint systems, seat back, and seat cushions, and the torso is free to slide up the seat back. Results of simulation runs show a good correlation with the existing data and experimental cadaveric runs made with a high seat back (or head restraint) and low seat back. The effect of seat-back stiffness and the restraint system on the response of the head and spine is studied.   <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0585-086X",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}