@article{ref1,
title="Light output of U.S., European, and Japanese low-beam headlamps",
journal="Transportation research record",
year="1994",
author="Sivak, Michael and Flannagan, Michael J. and Sato, Takashi",
volume="1456",
number="",
pages="99-111",
abstract="The light outputs of 150 production low-beam headlamps manufactured for use in the United States, Europe, and Japan were analyzed. The information is presented in tabular form by jurisdiction for the 25th-percentile, the median (50th-percentile), and the 75th-percentile luminous intensities from 20 degrees left to 20 degrees right and from 5 degrees down to 5 degrees up. The median luminous intensities by jurisdiction are also shown in a graphical form. To illustrate the utility of these data, calculations are presented for median illuminances from U.S. low-beam headlamps falling on points in space corresponding to sample locations of rearview mirrors, traffic signs, and road delineation.  Record URL:  http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1994/1456/1456-012.pdf<p />",
language="en",
issn="0361-1981",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}