@article{ref1,
title="Prevalence of depression among adolescents in the U.S. from 2009 to 2019: analysis of trends by sex, race/ethnicity, and income",
journal="Journal of Adolescent Health",
year="2021",
author="Daly, Michael",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="PURPOSE: Major depression is a leading cause of disability and represents a significant health concern for adolescents. Evidence of temporal trends in adolescent depression stratified by sociodemographic characteristics is needed. <br><br>METHODS: This study drew on 11 years of the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (N = 167,783), a nationally representative survey of adolescents aged 12-17 years conducted between 2009 and 2019. <br><br>RESULTS: The prevalence of past-year major depressive episode (MDE) increased by 7.7 percentage points from 8.1% to 15.8% between 2009 and 2019. MDE increased by 12 percentage points from 11.4% to 23.4% among girls. The gender difference in the prevalence of MDE increased from 6.4% to 14.8% between 2009 and 2019. Black participants experienced a comparatively small increase in depression (4.1%). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Since 2009 there has been a sharp and sustained increase in depression among adolescent girls in the U.S. This concerning trend highlights the critical importance of directing prevention and intervention efforts toward this group.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1054-139X",
doi="10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.08.026",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.08.026"
}