@article{ref1,
title="Ethnic-racial socialization, ethnic-racial identity, and depressive symptoms in Korean adolescents in the United States and China",
journal="Journal of youth and adolescence",
year="2021",
author="Shen, Yishan and Lee, Hyunkyung and Choi, Yoonsun and Hu, Yueqin and Kim, Kihyun",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="The United States and China are top two receiving countries of Korean immigrants in modern history. Minority families in ethnically-racially diverse societies, such as the US and China, use various ethnic-racial socialization practices (cultural socialization, promotion of mistrust, preparation for bias) to help their children navigate the world, yet research in non-U.S. contexts is scarce. To examine the specificity versus generalizability of ethnic-racial socialization and its implications, this study compared the prevalence of ethnic-racial socialization reported by Korean American (n = 408; M(age) = 14.76, SD = 1.91; 48.30% female) and Korean Chinese (n = 267; M(age) = 15.24, SD = 1.66; 58.90% female) youth. Moreover, this study examined how various ethnic-racial socialization practices relate to the youth's ethnic-racial identity, and subsequently, depressive symptoms. Although Korean American youth reported more frequent ethnic-racial socialization compared to their Korean Chinese counterparts, cultural socialization (but not preparation for bias nor promotion of mistrust) had a comparable negative indirect association with depressive symptoms via ethnic-racial identity across both groups. Thus, although the rates of parental ethnic-racial socialization are context-specific, parental cultural socialization may be similarly beneficial for Korean ethnic-racial minority youth's identity development, and in turn, psychological outcomes, whether in a Western individualistic society or an Eastern collectivistic society. Language: en
",
language="en",
issn="0047-2891",
doi="10.1007/s10964-021-01523-y",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10964-021-01523-y"
}