@article{ref1,
title="Crash performance of rear-facing restraints with a fracture type spica casted 1-year-old dummy",
journal="Journal of pediatric orthopedics",
year="2021",
author="Collins, Angela and McKean, Lucas and Ostrander, James and Nagarajan, Sundar and Atkinson, Patrick and Atkinson, Theresa",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="BACKGROUND:    Motor vehicle crashes represent a significant cause of mortality and morbidity for young children. Safely restraining a child is typically more complicated for special cases such as children treated with a hip spica cast. In the current study, hip spica casts typical for treatment of a femoral fracture were applied to a crash dummy representing the size and weight of a 1-year-old child. This spica casted dummy was used to study the performance of 4 rear-facing car seats in a series of simulated frontal impacts.     Methods:    The restrained, rear-facing dummy was subjected to a frontal crash test at 30 mph (48 kph) per federal guidelines. Two of the tested car seats were specifically designed for transporting children with hip spica casts, while the other 2 were conventional seats capable of accommodating the cast. All seats were installed per the manufacturer's instructions. As a control, tests were performed without a cast using the conventional/standard seats.     Results:    The lowest overall loading of the dummy's head, neck, and chest occurred during tests with the standard seats. While it was easier to seat the casted child in the spica-specific seats, these designs led to greater loading on the dummy's body. In a spica-specific seat, the chest acceleration values exceeded the federal limit in a test where the seat was installed in a reclined orientation that was within the manufacturer's described positioning.     Conclusions:    Spica-specific seats more easily accommodate the cast, but conventional seats can provide similar levels of protection in a crash. As cast and seat designs continue to evolve, hospitals might consider having a range of seats available for patient use. It is important to help caregivers make informed decisions on how and when to transport children with hip spica casts.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0271-6798",
doi="10.1097/BPO.0000000000001978",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/BPO.0000000000001978"
}