@article{ref1,
title="Interactive effects of task load and music tempo on psychological, psychophysiological and behavioural outcomes during simulated driving",
journal="Ergonomics",
year="2021",
author="Karageorghis, Costas I. and Kuan, Garry and Mouchlianitis, Elias and Payre, William and Howard, Luke W. and Reed, Nick and Parkes, Andrew M.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="We examined the interactive effects of task load and music tempo on cognition, affect, cardiac response and safety-relevant behaviour during simulated driving. Using a counterbalanced, within-subjects design, participants (N = 46) were exposed to fast-, slow- and no-music conditions at high and low loads in a high-grade simulator. Task load had the most salient effect across a broad swath of variables. For core affect, the Load × Music Condition interaction showed that, under high load, affective arousal scores were higher in the fast-tempo condition vs. slow. A main effect of tempo emerged for the HRV index of SDNN, with fast-tempo music eliciting lower scores than both slow- and no-music conditions. Behavioural data showed a main effect of tempo for risk ratings with fast-tempo music eliciting the highest scores for a traffic-light trigger. Our findings indicate that drivers in high-load, urban environments should exercise caution in their use of fast-tempo music.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0014-0139",
doi="10.1080/00140139.2021.2003872",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2021.2003872"
}