@article{ref1,
title="Reporting of concussion symptoms by a nationwide survey of United States parents of middle school children",
journal="International journal of environmental research and public health",
year="2021",
author="Kerr, Zachary Y. and Ingram, Brittany M. and Callahan, Christine E. and Nedimyer, Aliza K. and Chandran, Avinash and Kossman, Melissa K. and Hoang, Julia and Gildner, Paula and Register-Mihalik, Johna K.",
volume="18",
number="22",
pages="e12070-e12070",
abstract="This cross-sectional study assessed concussion symptom knowledge of parents of middle school (MS) children (aged 10-15 years) through a free-response item that solicited concussion symptoms and compared findings to a pre-validated scale-based measure. A self-administered online questionnaire was sent to a panel of randomly selected United States residents who were recruited by a third-party company, aged ≥ 18 years, and identified as parents of MS children. Via a free-response item, parents listed what they believed were concussion symptoms. Multiple sections later, parents identified potential concussion symptoms via a scale measure, which featured 25 items (22 actual symptoms, three distractor symptoms) with three response options: yes, no, maybe. Free-response item responses were coded into specific symptoms. The 1062 eligible parents that provided complete data commonly identified the symptoms of dizziness (90.2%), blurred vision (87.4%), and balance problems (86.4%) on the scale-based measure. However, these and other symptoms were less commonly identified via the free-response item (dizziness: 44.4%; blurred vision: 16.5%; balance problems: 3.5%). Concussion symptoms commonly reported via the scale-based measure were reported less frequently within the free-response item. Future research must explore strategies to help clinicians working with parents and their children to measure and assess concussion symptom reporting and knowledge.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1661-7827",
doi="10.3390/ijerph182212070",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182212070"
}