@article{ref1,
title="Citizens' perceptions of over- and under-policing: a look at race, ethnicity, and community characteristics",
journal="Crime and delinquency",
year="2022",
author="Boehme, Hunter M. and Cann, Deanna and Isom, Deena A.",
volume="68",
number="1",
pages="123-154",
abstract="While there is substantial research on community-police relations, most studies examine the abstract outcome of &quot;negative perceptions of police.&quot; This study, however, examines over- and under-policing as two distinct, yet not mutually exclusive, constructs, suggesting that there is more to strained police-community relations than citizens perceiving the police &quot;negatively.&quot; Using the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods Community Survey, we assess the relationship between race and ethnicity and perceptions of over- and under-policing and explore how these associations are conditioned by neighborhood characteristics. <br><br>RESULTS reveal racialized perceptions of over- and underpolicing. Furthermore, while levels of both under- and over-policing vary across neighborhoods, the relationship between these outcomes and individual-level race/ethnicity was robust. Implications for policy and research are discussed.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0011-1287",
doi="10.1177/0011128720974309",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128720974309"
}