@article{ref1,
title="Differences in emotional responses to race-based trauma among Black and White Americans",
journal="Journal of aggression, maltreatment and trauma",
year="2021",
author="Carter, Robert T. and Kirkinis, Katherine",
volume="30",
number="7",
pages="889-906",
abstract="Scholars have identified race-based stress as a unique form of stress and have examined associated mental and physical health outcomes, yet less is known about the emotional responses and accompanying symptoms associated with negative race-based events and how these experiences differ by racial group membership, stress level, and/or race-based event type. This paper explores and compares the differences in emotional and race-based stress symptom reactions to negative racial encounters among 175 Black and White participants. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed different patterns of emotional and race-based stress symptom reactions to racial encounters among Black and White participants. At high levels of stress, Black and White participants experienced markedly different patterns of race-based stress symptoms: White participants primarily exhibited symptoms of intrusion, while Black participants experienced a variety of symptoms including depression, intrusion, anger, hypervigilance, and physical symptoms. Practice and research implications are addressed.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1092-6771",
doi="10.1080/10926771.2020.1759745",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2020.1759745"
}