@article{ref1,
title="Biodynamic Modeling and Simulation of the Ejection Seat/Occupant System",
journal="SAFE journal",
year="2000",
author="Ma, D and Obergefell, LA and Rizer, AL and Rogers, LC",
volume="30",
number="2",
pages="169-178",
abstract="Ejection seat dynamic characteristics and potential injury to its occupant are essential concerns for evaluating ejection systems. To better assess the interaction between the ejection seat and the occupant, an ejection seat model, EASY5/ACESII, was coupled with an occupant model, the ATB model. Additionally, the aerodynamics capabilities in both the seat and occupant models were consolidated. The occupant/seat separation algorithms were also designed and implemented. Simulation graphics are presented and various simulation time histories are compared against those from ejection seat sled tests. The integrated model successfully predicts the major features of the ejection seat motion and the occupant biodynamic responses in low-speed ejections.<p />",
language="",
issn="0191-6319",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}