@article{ref1,
title="Association between adverse childhood experiences and brain volumes among Japanese community-dwelling older people: findings from the NEIGE study",
journal="Child abuse and neglect",
year="2022",
author="Koyama, Yuna and Fujiwara, Takeo and Murayama, Hiroshi and Machida, Masaki and Inoue, Shigeru and Shobugawa, Yugo",
volume="124",
number="",
pages="e105456-e105456",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can affect later-life health outcomes via brain structural differences. However, there is no sufficient empirical evidence about whether brain morphological differences remain until old ages. <br><br>OBJECTIVE: We examined the association between ACEs and brain volumes among older individuals. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: Residents aged 65-84 years in Tokamachi City, Japan, were randomly recruited, and 491 participants were included in the analysis. <br><br>METHODS: ACEs were assessed with a self-reported questionnaire. The volumes of seven brain regions of interests were evaluated via structural magnetic resonance imaging. <br><br>RESULTS: In total, 143 (27.1%) participants experienced one ACE and 33 (6.7%) two or more ACEs. Participants with two or more ACEs had a larger anterior cingulate cortex volume (B = 0.346, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.04 to 0.66) and smaller hippocampal (B = -0.287, 95% CI = -0.58 to 0.001) and amygdala (B = -0.313, 95% CI = -0.59 to -0.03) volumes. Interestingly, we observed a distinct association between deprivation and threat. That is, deprivation was associated with a smaller amygdala volume (B = -0.164, 95% CI = -0.32 to -0.01) and threat with a larger anterior cingulate cortex volume (B = 0.401, 95% CI = 0.11 to 0.70). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: ACEs were associated with the volumes of brain regions such as anterior cingulate cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala, which are responsible for emotion and self-regulation in older population. The effect of ACEs on the amygdala was commonly driven by deprivation experiences and that on the anterior cingulate cortex by threat.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0145-2134",
doi="10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105456",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105456"
}