@article{ref1,
title="Application of second-order growth mixture modeling (SO-GMM) to longitudinal TBI outcome research: 15-year trajectories of life satisfaction in adolescents and young adults (AYA) as an example",
journal="Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation",
year="2022",
author="Shen, Jiabin and Wang, Yan",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the application of Second-Order Growth Mixture Modeling using life satisfaction among adolescents and young adults with TBI up to 15 years post-injury. <br><br>DESIGN: SO-GMM, a data-driven modeling approach that accounts for measurement errors, was adopted to uncover distinct growth trajectories of life satisfaction over 15 years post-injury. Membership in growth trajectories was then linked with baseline characteristics to understand the contributing factors to distinct growth over time. SETTING: Traumatic Brain Injury Model System National Database PARTICIPANTS: 3,756 AYAs with TBI aged 16 - 25 (M(age)=20.49, SD(age)=2.66; 27.24% female) INTERVENTIONS: Not Applicable MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Satisfaction with Life Scale RESULTS: Four quadratic growth trajectories were identified: low-stable (16.6%) that had low initial life satisfaction and remained low over time; high-stable (49.3%) that had high life satisfaction at the baseline and stayed high over time; high-decreasing (15.8%) that started with high life satisfaction but decreased over time; and low-increasing (18.2%) that started with low life satisfaction but increased over time. Sex, race, pre-injury employment status, age, and FIM cognition were associated with group assignment. <br><br>CONCLUSION: This study applied SO-GMM to a national TBI database and identified four longitudinal trajectories of life satisfaction among AYAs with TBI. <br><br>FINDINGS provided data-driven evidence for development of future interventions that are tailored at both temporal and personalized levels for improved health outcomes among AYAs with TBI.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0003-9993",
doi="10.1016/j.apmr.2021.12.018",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2021.12.018"
}