@article{ref1,
title="Self-inflicted craniomaxillofacial gunshot wounds by handguns are more deadly than those by shotguns: an NIS study",
journal="Oral and maxillofacial surgery",
year="2022",
author="Stanbouly, Dani and Chuang, Sung-Kiang",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study is to determine whether handguns discharged at the craniomaxillofacial region are associated with greater fatality in suicide attempts relative to shotguns. <br><br>METHODS: The following retrospective cohort study was completed using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), a Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) database. The primary predictor variable was the type of firearm (handguns vs. shotguns). The primary outcome variable was prognosis (fatality vs. no fatality). A binary logistic regression was performed to determine the risk of mortality of all predictor variables. <br><br>RESULTS: Our final sample consisted of 223 patients. Handguns (85.2%) were the most popular firearm. Relative to black patients, white patients were over three times more likely to die (p < 0.05). Compared to patients who were transferred in, patients not transferred in were eight times more likely to die (p = 0.000). Relative to patients who were admitted electively, patients who were not admitted electively were 16.7 times more likely to die (p < 0.01). Finally, relative to patients who used shotguns, patients who used handguns were 3.4 times more likely to die (p = 0.002). <br><br>CONCLUSION: Self-inflicted gunshot wounds to the maxillofacial region by handguns were more lethal than shotguns.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1865-1550",
doi="10.1007/s10006-021-01028-9",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10006-021-01028-9"
}