@article{ref1,
title="The association of traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, and criminal recidivism",
journal="Health and justice",
year="2022",
author="Lattimore, Pamela K. and Richardson, Nicholas J. and Ferguson, Pamela L. and Pickelsimer, E. Elisabeth",
volume="10",
number="1",
pages="e7-e7",
abstract="BACKGROUND: The purpose of the study was to assess the prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and to determine whether TBI or PTSD is associated with an increase in general or violent criminal recidivism among a representative sample of released prisoners. In-person interviews were conducted with a stratified random sample of individuals incarcerated with the South Carolina Department of Corrections approximately 90 days prior to the prisoners' releases. In addition to a variety of items and scales, respondents were screened for TBI and were asked whether they had received a current diagnosis of PTSD. Data were merged with arrest data that provided measures of past criminal involvement and indicators of post-release recidivism (arrest). Arrests were coded as &quot;general&quot; for any arrest charge and &quot;violent&quot; for any violent offense charge. <br><br>RESULTS: Survival analyses indicate that neither TBI nor PTSD predicts time to general recidivism. PTSD (p < 0.01) and age at first arrest (p < 0.01) are significant predictors for violent recidivism and TBI is non-significant at p = 0.09. <br><br>RESULTS from the negative binomial models indicate that TBI (p < 0.05) and PTSD (p < 0.05) are significantly associated with more post-release violent arrests, but not general arrests. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: TBI and PTSD were found to predict violent offending but not general criminal behavior. These findings demonstrate the need for prison officials to identify individuals with a history of TBI and PTSD and to develop appropriate interventions that could be provided during incarceration to reduce the post-release likelihood of violence.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2194-7899",
doi="10.1186/s40352-022-00169-7",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40352-022-00169-7"
}