@article{ref1,
title="Developmental differences in description-based versus experience-based decision making under risk in children",
journal="Journal of experimental child psychology",
year="2022",
author="Rolison, Jonathan J. and Pachur, Thorsten and McCormack, Teresa and Feeney, Aidan",
volume="219",
number="",
pages="e105401-e105401",
abstract="The willingness to take a risk is shaped by temperaments and cognitive abilities, both of which develop rapidly during childhood. In the adult developmental literature, a distinction is drawn between description-based tasks, which provide explicit choice-reward information, and experience-based tasks, which require decisions from past experience, each emphasizing different cognitive demands. Although developmental trends have been investigated for both types of decisions, few studies have compared description-based and experience-based decision making in the same sample of children. In the current study, children (N = 112; 5-9 years of age) completed both description-based and experience-based decision tasks tailored for use with young children. Child temperament was reported by the children's primary teacher. Behavioral measures suggested that the willingness to take a risk in a description-based task increased with age, whereas it decreased in an experience-based task. However, computational modeling alongside further inspection of the behavioral data suggested that these opposite developmental trends across the two types of tasks both were associated with related capacities: older (vs. younger) children's higher sensitivity to experienced losses and higher outcome sensitivity to described rewards and losses. From the temperamental characteristics, higher attentional focusing was linked with a higher learning rate on the experience-based task and a bias to accept gambles in the gain domain on the description-based task. Our findings demonstrate the importance of comparing children's behavior across qualitatively different tasks rather than studying a single behavior in isolation.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0022-0965",
doi="10.1016/j.jecp.2022.105401",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2022.105401"
}