@article{ref1,
title="Problems of cross-cultural criminology no more! Testing two central tenets of self-control theory across 28 nations",
journal="Journal of criminal justice",
year="2021",
author="Vazsonyi, Alexander T. and Ksinan, Albert J. and Javakhishvili, Magda",
volume="75",
number="",
pages="e101827-e101827",
abstract="PURPOSE The current investigation tested two tenets from self-control theory regarding its cross-national validity and applicability, namely the extent to which (1) parenting behaviors (closeness and monitoring) were associated with low self-control, and (2) the extent to which opportunities (two competing operationalizations: routine activities or peer deviance) and low self-control independently (and synergistically) predicted deviant behaviors.  Methods Data were collected as part of the Second International Self-Report Delinquency Study (ISRD-2) from 28 cultures, from seventh, eighth, and ninth grade adolescents (N = 66,859), and analyzed using hierarchical linear modeling. Country level variables included years in school, size of the prison population, unemployment rate, and life expectancy.  Results (1) Low self-control significantly varied at both the individual- and country-levels; both closeness and monitoring negatively predicted low self-control. At the country level, more years in school and a greater prison population were positively associated with low self-control, while life expectancy was negatively associated. (2) Deviance significantly varied at the individual and country levels. Low self-control and opportunities (peer deviance and routine activities) uniquely explained variance in deviance.  Conclusions Findings provide support for the cross-cultural application of self-control theory.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0047-2352",
doi="10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2021.101827",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2021.101827"
}