@article{ref1,
title="The 2019-2020 volcanic eruption of Late'iki (Metis Shoal), Tonga",
journal="Scientific reports",
year="2022",
author="Yeo, I. A. and McIntosh, I. M. and Bryan, S. E. and Tani, K. and Dunbabin, M. and Metz, D. and Collins, P. C. and Stone, K. and Manu, M. S.",
volume="12",
number="1",
pages="e7468-e7468",
abstract="Late'iki (previously known as Metis Shoal) is a highly active volcano in the Tofua arc with at least four temporary island-building eruptions and one submarine eruption in the last 55 years. The most recent eruption, commencing in October 2019, resulted in lava effusion and subsequent phreatic explosions, the construction of a short-lived island that was quickly eroded by wave action and possibly further phreatic activity that continued into January 2020. The two-pyroxene dacite from the 2019 eruption is similar to the 1967/8 eruptions suggesting the magma is residual from earlier eruptions and has not undergone further differentiation in the last 50 years. New observations of the 2019 eruption site confirm the lava-dominant character of the volcano summit but a thin veneer of wave-reworked, finely fragmented lava material remains that is interpreted to have been produced by phreatic explosions from hot rock-water interactions during the effusive eruption. A notable absence of quench-fragmented hyaloclastite breccias suggests that non-explosive quench fragmentation processes were minimal at these shallow depths or that hyaloclastite debris has resedimented to greater depths beyond our summit survey area.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2045-2322",
doi="10.1038/s41598-022-11133-8",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-11133-8"
}