@article{ref1,
title="A six-year follow-up study of sports-related dental injuries in children and adolescents",
journal="Endodontics and dental traumatology",
year="1990",
author="Häyrinen-Immonen, R. and Sane, J. and Perkki, K. and Malmström, M.",
volume="6",
number="5",
pages="208-212",
abstract="The records were analyzed of 106 patients with sports-related dental traumas treated in 1983 at the public oral surgery unit in Helsinki, Finland; 51 were examined six years after injury. The mean age was 11.8 years (range 7-24 years). The woman/man ratio was 1:3. In 39% of cases, the injuries had arisen from ice hockey or skating; 30% happened during school hours; 80% were uncomplicated crown fractures, concussions or subluxations. During the six-year follow-up, of 80 teeth in 51 patients, root resorption was found in 6 teeth (7.5%), periapical lesions were noted in 2 teeth (2.5%), and obliteration of the pulp was seen in 4 teeth (5%). Three teeth (3.7%) had suffered loss of vitality. The pulp had been extirpated in 13 of the traumatized teeth (16%). In all, 13.7% of the patients were found to have complications six years later. The results showed that long follow-up periods are needed after dental injury.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0109-2502",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}