@article{ref1,
title="Self-reported adverse childhood experiences among custodial grandmothers: frequencies, patterns, and correlates",
journal="International journal of aging and human development",
year="2022",
author="Smith, Gregory Carl and Dolbin-MacNab, Megan and Infurna, Frank and Webster, Britney and Musil, Carol and Castro, Saul and Crowley, Daniel Max",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="Given the scarce past research on custodial grandparents' early life circumstances, we investigated frequencies, patterns, and predictors of 14 adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) reported by 355 custodial grandmothers (CGMs). Predominant ACEs were bullying (54.6%), verbal abuse (51.5%), physical abuse (45.4%), and living with a substance abuser (41.1%). Only 11% of CGMs reported 0 ACEs, whereas 52.4% reported >4. Latent class analyses yielded three classes of ACE exposure: minimal (54.1%), physical/emotional abuse (25.9%), and complex (20.0%). Age was the only demographic factor related to ACE class, with the complex class being younger than the other two. MANCOVAs with age as a covariate revealed that different ACE profiles have unique impacts on CGMs' physical and psychological well-being. We conclude that ACEs are highly prevalent among CGMs and a serious public health concern. Future research addressing ACEs among CGMs is critical in order to support these caregivers and promote resilience in custodial grandfamilies.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0091-4150",
doi="10.1177/00914150221106096",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00914150221106096"
}