@article{ref1,
title="Older female farmers and modeling of occupational hazards, wellbeing, and sleep-related problems on musculoskeletal pains",
journal="International journal of environmental research and public health",
year="2022",
author="Shin, Dong Seok and Jeong, Byung Yong",
volume="19",
number="12",
pages="e7274-e7274",
abstract="Musculoskeletal pains seem to be the most prevalent among occupational diseases in older female farmers. This study analyzes the relationships between exposure to ergonomic or environmental hazards, sleep-related problems, wellbeing, and musculoskeletal pains in older female farmers. In this study, older farmer means a farmer aged ≥60, and 2005 older female farmers were selected. A structural equation model (SEM) was used to investigate the relationships. In the results of SEM, musculoskeletal pains were more affected by the level of wellbeing (standardized path coefficient = -0.149) than the level of sleep-related problems (standardized path coefficient = 0.131) or the exposure level of ergonomic hazards (standardized path coefficient = 0.086). Among the ergonomic risk factors felt by elderly female farmers, the influence level of &quot;awkward posture&quot; (0.735), &quot;repetitive motion&quot; (0.718), or &quot;standing posture&quot; (0.693) was greater than that of &quot;manual material handling&quot; (0.661). &quot;Vibration&quot; (0.786) and &quot;noise&quot; (0.683) were influential variables of environmental hazards. In addition, &quot;upper limb pain&quot; (0.796) and &quot;lower limb pain&quot; (0.751) variables were more influential variables of musculoskeletal pains than the &quot;backache&quot; (0.472) variable. This study shows that strategies to improve wellbeing or sleep problems are important to alleviate or prevent musculoskeletal pains among older female farmers.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1661-7827",
doi="10.3390/ijerph19127274",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127274"
}