@article{ref1,
title="Risk-taking behavior among male adolescents: the role of observer presence and individual self-control",
journal="Journal of youth and adolescence",
year="2022",
author="Tian, Lumei and Guo, Mingyu and Lu, Yafei and Liu, Lingling and Lu, Yuhan",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="A number of studies have focused on the same-sex peer effect on and the developmental difference in adolescent risk-taking in terms of the dual systems model. Little research, however, addresses the effects of different observers, the role of different levels of individual self-control, and their interactions. To fill this gap, the present study examined the main and interactive effects of observer presence and individual self-control on male adolescents' risk-taking behavior with an experimental design. A total of 261 male adolescents (M(age) = 15.79 ± 0.79, range = 14-18) completed an adapted Stoplight Task, which measures risk-taking behavior, in the presence of an observer, either peer or adult, either male or female. The results indicated that a same-sex peer's presence and low self-control were both risk factors of male adolescents' risk-taking, but did only low self-control male adolescents take serious risks when in the presence of a same-sex peer whereas those with high self-control consistently had low levels of risk-taking under any condition. An opposite-sex observer, particularly an opposite-sex adult's presence, played a similar protective role for male adolescents with low self-control. The findings suggest that a high level of self-control closely related to the cognitive control system may significantly buffer the negative effect of an adverse social stimulus which activates the social-emotional system on male adolescents' risk-taking; the findings also reveal that an opposite-sex adult's presence may contribute to a decrease in male adolescents' risk-taking by improving their cognitive control system.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0047-2891",
doi="10.1007/s10964-022-01659-5",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10964-022-01659-5"
}