@article{ref1,
title="The effectiveness of moral disengagement and social norms as anti-bullying components: a randomized controlled trial",
journal="Child development",
year="2022",
author="Tolmatcheff, Chloé and Galand, Benoit and Roskam, Isabelle and Veenstra, René",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="This three-armed randomized controlled trial examined how moral disengagement and social norms account for change in bullying behavior and their potential as targets of anti-bullying components within separate interventions among 1200 French-speaking Belgian elementary students (48% boys, 9-12 year-olds, 57 classes, nine schools) during 2018-2019 (no ethnicity data available). Mediation analysis revealed that students' moral disengagement successfully decreased (β = -.46), which, in turn, reduced both bullying (β = .33) and outsider behaviors (β = .20), and increased defending (β = -.10). Intervening on social norms decreased bullying (β = -.18), but not through the perceived injunctive class norm as intended. Guidelines to open the &quot;black box&quot; of anti-bullying programs and determine the cost-effectiveness ratio of their components are provided.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0009-3920",
doi="10.1111/cdev.13828",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cdev.13828"
}