@article{ref1,
title="Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and learning disabilities modify recovery and sport behavior following sport-related concussion",
journal="Clinical pediatrics",
year="2022",
author="Pullen, Jesse C. and Wolfson, Daniel I. and Totten, Douglas J. and Jeckell, Aaron S. and Bonfield, Christopher M. and Zuckerman, Scott L. and Yengo-Kahn, Aaron M.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="Limited evidence exists concerning how a diagnosis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and/or learning disabilities (ADHD/LD) modifies recovery and behavior following sport-related concussion (SRC). To understand how ADHD/LD modifies the post-SRC experience, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of concussed young athletes through phone interviews with patients and guardians. Outcomes included time until symptom resolution (SR) and return-to-learn (RTL), plus subjective changes in post-SRC activity and sports behavior. Multivariate Cox and logistic regression was performed, adjusting for biopsychosocial characteristics. The ADHD/LD diagnosis was independently associated with worse outcomes, including lower likelihood to achieve SR (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.62, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.41-0.94]; P =.02) and RTL (HR = 0.55, 95% CI = [0.36-0.83]; P <.01) at any time following injury, and increased odds of changing sport behavior after concussion (odds ratio [OR] = 3.26, 95% CI = [1.26-8.42], P =.02), often to a safer style of play (62.5% vs 39.6%; P =.02) or retiring from the sport (37.5% vs 18.5%; P =.02). These results provide further evidence of the unique needs for athletes with ADHD/LD following SRC.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0009-9228",
doi="10.1177/00099228221113787",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00099228221113787"
}