@article{ref1,
title="COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown increase the frequency and severity of periorbital dog bite injuries in children",
journal="Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research",
year="2022",
author="Pitak-Arnnop, Poramate and Auychai, Prim and Subbalekha, Keskanya and Sirintawat, Nattapong and Tangmanee, Chatpong and Méningaud, Jean-Paul and Messer-Peti, Robert and Neff, Andreas",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown increase the risk of head, neck, and face (HNF) dog bite injuries in children. <br><br>METHODS: Using a retrospective cohort study design, the investigators enrolled a sample of children presenting with HNF dog bite injuries during 22 weeks before and 22 weeks during the COVID-19 pandemic in a German level 1 trauma center. The predictor variables were COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown. The outcome variables were grouped into demographic, anatomic, injury-related, and therapeutic. Appropriate statistics were computed, and statistical significance was set at P ≤ .05. <br><br>RESULTS: The sample included 36 subjects (19.4% girls; 97.2% Caucasians; 50% isolated periorbital injuries; 61.1% during the lockdown; 16.7% after the lockdown) with an average age of 8 ± 3.3 years. Compared to the pre-COVID-19 period, pediatric HNF dog bite injuries increased ca. 5.5- and 1.5-fold during and after the lockdown, respectively. The COVID-19 pandemic was significantly associated with severe household injury from a pet dog, number of inpatients and treatments in the operating room, and prolonged hospitalization. Isolated periorbital injury was common during the COVID-19 pandemic (P = .04; relative risk [RR], 4.86; 95% confidence interval [95% CI],.76 to 31.12), especially during the lockdown (P = .02; RR, 4.36; 95% CI,.72 to 26.6). <br><br>CONCLUSION: During the COVID-19 pandemic, especially during the lockdown, there is an increasing tendency of frequency and severity of domestic HNF dog injuries in children, and periorbital region is the most injury-prone.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2212-4268",
doi="10.1016/j.jobcr.2022.08.005",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jobcr.2022.08.005"
}