@article{ref1,
title="Nurse, provider, and emergency department technician: perceptions and experiences of violence and aggression in the emergency department",
journal="Journal of emergency nursing",
year="2022",
author="Boles, Jean M. and Maccarone, Diane and Brown, Beverly and Archer, Alexandra and Trotter, Michael G. and Friedman, Nicholas M. G. and Chittams, Jesse and Mazzone, Leighann and Ballinghoff, James and Burchill, Christian N. and Cacchione, Pamela Z.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="INTRODUCTION: Patient/visitor violence and aggression (V&A) in the emergency department occurs daily. Few interventions exist to decrease V&A. Research describing prevalence, severity, and perceived safety among ED clinicians is limited. <br><br>METHODS: A descriptive survey explored V&A against ED clinicians in one urban emergency department. A sample of nurses, ED technicians, physicians and advanced practice providers participated. Participants completed a demographic survey, Personal Workplace Safety Instrument for Emergency Nurses (PWSI-EN), and ENA V&A frequency checklist. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for unadjusted and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) for adjusted associations were used to assess differences in the PWSI-EN survey composite score and &quot;feeling safe in the ED&quot; among ED roles. ANCOVA was adjusted for potential confounders: sex, race, years working in emergency department, and shift worked. <br><br>RESULTS: Sixty-five (46.4%) of the 140 ED clinicians returned surveys, which were almost evenly distributed between ED clinician roles and sex. Mean age was 37.2 (range: 21-64) years. All (100%) nurses and providers reported being verbally abused. More nurses reported physical violence (n = 21, 87.5%) than providers (n = 7, 36.8%) and ED technicians (n = 11, 55%). Nurses and ED technicians reported experiencing greater prevalence of physical violence than providers (p <.05). Nurses (mean 3.29, range 2.95 to 3.63) were more fearful for their personal safety than ED technicians (mean 3.88, range 3.48 to 4.28) (p <.03). <br><br>DISCUSSION: V&A are common creating a fearful environment. However, little research regarding clinician perceptions exists. Our study aids in identifying areas for clinician-targeted strategies to prevent ED V&A.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0099-1767",
doi="10.1016/j.jen.2022.07.008",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2022.07.008"
}