@article{ref1,
title="Does defending victimized peers put youth at risk of being victimized?",
journal="Child development",
year="2022",
author="Malamut, Sarah T. and Trach, Jessica and Garandeau, Claire F. and Salmivalli, Christina",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="Defending peers who have been bullied is often thought to put defenders at risk of becoming victimized themselves. The study investigated the concurrent and prospective associations between defending and (peer- and self-reported) victimization, and examined popularity and classroom norms as potential moderators. Participants included 4085 Finnish youth (43.9% boys; M(age) = 14.56, SD = .75; 97% born in Finland). Concurrently, defending was positively associated with self-reported victimization in classrooms with high bullying-popularity norms (b = .28, SE = .16). Defending was negatively associated with peer-reported victimization in classrooms with high defending-popularity norms (b = -.07, SE = .03). Defending was not significantly associated with future victimization, suggesting that it is generally not a risk factor for victimization.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0009-3920",
doi="10.1111/cdev.13866",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cdev.13866"
}