@article{ref1,
title="Road traffic accident mortality in Singapore",
journal="Journal of emergency medicine",
year="2002",
author="Chao, T. C. and Wee, Keng Poh and Raman, Lakshmi and Anantharaman, V. and Leong, Mark K. F. and Wong, Ed",
volume="22",
number="2",
pages="139-146",
abstract="The aim of this study was to identify factors that contribute to road traffic accident mortality and the patterns of injuries sustained by these victims, with a view to identifying areas for future intervention. All road traffic accident deaths that occurred in Singapore over a period of 1 year were reviewed. A total of 226 deaths occurred: 82.3% of the victims were male. The median age was 31 years. Blood alcohol was detected in 42 (18.7%) victims. In general, head (86.7%), followed by thoracic (67.7%) and abdominal (31.4%) injuries, were the most common injuries. Severe lower extremity trauma was most common among pedestrians and pedal cyclists (20.6% and 11.0%, respectively). The mean Injury Severity Score was 38.7. The relative risk of mortality between motorcyclists and motorcar drivers was 18.8:1. Suggestions for future prevention and intervention include stricter enforcement of speed limits, more severe penalties for drunk driving, helmet use among pedal cyclists, and the introduction of pre-hospital advanced airway management.",
language="",
issn="0736-4679",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}