@article{ref1,
title="Analysis of indoor guided pedestrian evacuation dynamics in single- and multiple-exit scenarios: toward a unified scheme for guide assignment",
journal="Transportation research record",
year="2022",
author="Wang, Ke and Li, Yongxing and Qian, Shunzhi",
volume="2676",
number="11",
pages="632-647",
abstract="Indoor pedestrian evacuation processes could be significantly affected by the presence of guides, that is, safety management staff; how to assign guides properly remains a challenging task. This question is deconstructed into single- and multiple-exit scenarios for analysis in this study. The mechanisms behind the evacuation dynamics are explored via a two-layer guided pedestrian evacuation model and the corresponding guide assignment strategies are proposed. The upper layer model deals with guide assignment, where random and uniform guide assignment schemes, and a newly proposed distribution-based guide assignment scheme, are embedded, while the lower layer model controls the movement of evacuees based on a cellular automata model. <br><br>RESULTS show that there are bifurcate mechanisms governing evacuation dynamics. Only in single-exit scenarios could an increased number of guides lead to a ?sharp decrease?long steady tail? tendency in total evacuation time, whereas evacuation efficiency in multiple-exit scenarios is consistent with exit use equilibrium. The three different guide assignment schemes bring about highly case-specific performances depending on the initial pedestrian distribution and the number of exits. The distribution-based guide assignment scheme is preferable in most cases, especially in spaces with a highly biased pedestrian distribution and multiple exits.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0361-1981",
doi="10.1177/03611981221094580",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03611981221094580"
}