@article{ref1,
title="Dynamic cervical vertebral motion of volunteers and analysis of its interaction with head/neck/torso behavior during low-speed rear impact",
journal="Accident reconstruction journal",
year="2020",
author="Sato, Fusako and Nakajima, Taichi and Ono, Koshiro and Svensson, Mats and Brolin, Karin and Kaneoka, Koji",
volume="30",
number="4",
pages="10-16",
abstract="In this study, the authors assessed the characteristics of dynamic head, neck, and torso (T1) kinematics and individual cervical vertebral motion responses for males and females during low-speed rear impact. Volunteer subjects participated in two series of rear impact sled tests. Among the study's findings: T1 angular placements were found to be the same for females and males; females had a smaller and earlier peak flexion of the head angular displacement relative to T1; and the vertebral angular displacements were larger for females than males for all spinal segments during almost the entire sled test duration.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1057-8153",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}