@article{ref1,
title="Pedestrian head injuries in ground contact: a cadaver study",
journal="Accident reconstruction journal",
year="2019",
author="Shang, Shi and Teeling, David and Masson, Catherine and Arnoux, Pierre-Jean and Py, Max and Ferrand, Quentin and Simms, Ciaran K.",
volume="29",
number="6",
pages="19-20",
abstract="Little research exists on the impact of ground contact on pedestrian injuries. In this study, the authors use both cadaver tests and computer models to examine pedestrian post-impact kinematics and head ground contact in detail. Six staged tests involving three vehicle types are conducted and five video cameras record kinematics. Matching Model-Based Image Matching (MBIM) is used to analyze three-dimensional head rotation during vehicle and ground contact. The authors' findings do not reveal a clear relationship between vehicle shape and injury outcome. Brain Injury Criteria (BrIC) scores from ground contact in 30 kph cases are found to be substantially lower than BrIC scores in 20 kph cases, while BrIC scores from vehicle contact in 30 kph cases are substantially higher than those in 20 kph cases.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1057-8153",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}