@article{ref1,
title="Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress in junior high school students in Guadalajara, Mexico: a cross-sectional survey study",
journal="International journal of environmental research and public health",
year="2022",
author="Maciel-Saldierna, Manuel and Elizondo-Hernández, Emmanuel and Cervantes-Guevara, Gabino and Cervantes-Pérez, Enrique and Cervantes-Cardona, Guillermo Alonso and Guzmán-Ramírez, Bertha Georgina and Brancaccio-Pérez, Irma Valeria and Chejfec-Ciociano, Jonathan Matías and Guzmán-Ruvalcaba, Mario Jesús and Cifuentes-Andrade, Luis Rodrigo and Cueto-Valadez, Andrea Estefanía and Cueto-Valadez, Tania Abigail and Ibarra-Camargo, Silvia Alejandra and Mellado-Tellez, Mel Paul and Barbosa-Camacho, Francisco José and Fuentes-Orozco, Clotilde and González-Ojeda, Alejandro",
volume="19",
number="23",
pages="e15463-e15463",
abstract="Confinement and a lack of social interaction are associated with depressive symptoms, low self-esteem, and suicidal thoughts. We report the results of a cross-sectional survey of 1414 junior high school students. The aim was to evaluate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress in Guadalajara, Mexico, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Mean scores on the validated Spanish version of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) were found to be 6.15 ± 5.6 for depression, 5.8 ± 5.2 for anxiety, and 8.08 ± 5.3 for stress. Female students scored higher in all three conditions (p < 0.001). Students who had relatives infected with COVID-19 showed significantly more anxiety than those who did not (p < 0.004). Although certain demographic groups are at higher risk of manifesting depression, anxiety, and stress, the student population has also been affected by the global impact of the pandemic.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1661-7827",
doi="10.3390/ijerph192315463",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315463"
}