@article{ref1,
title="The disastrous business of presidential campaigns: the effect of disaster declarations on presidential elections in FEMA Region 3",
journal="Journal of emergency management",
year="2022",
author="Balbuena, Ken and Thornton, Tonya E. and Baxter, Patrick and English, Walter and Chen, Wendy",
volume="20",
number="6",
pages="535-559",
abstract="The issuance of disaster declarations has become a politicized matter. Prior research has demonstrated that presidents are more generous in awarding disaster relief in federal election years, and that there is a prevalence to award governors from the opposing political party. Additionally, voters tend to reward presidents seeking re-election to a greater degree for disaster response assistance rather than funding preparedness. The original research for this paper explores the impact of natural disasters on re-election rates and analyzes voter trends during presidential election years in Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Region 3 states for congruence with existing literature covering a national scope. Evaluations of the behaviors and (re)election margins of Presidents Bush and Obama are explored, and implications for President Trump's re-election effort are based on quantitative data and qualitative comparisons.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1543-5865",
doi="10.5055/jem.0666",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.0666"
}