@article{ref1,
title="Challenges associated with implementing anti-doping policy and programs in Africa",
journal="Frontiers in sports and active living",
year="2022",
author="Ruwuya, Jonathan and Juma, Byron Omwando and Woolf, Jules",
volume="4",
number="",
pages="e966559-e966559",
abstract="Concerns regarding the capability of the International Olympic Committee to address doping in sport catalyzed the formation of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) in 1999. In its establishment phase, WADA sought geopolitical legitimacy and support from governments (including non-Western states) for financing and acceptance. Africa was not considered during WADA's creation, relegating African states to a passive role in the global anti-doping program, and yet is still subject to the strict compliance requirements for WADA's global policy. African countries face challenges establishing anti-doping support structures and implementing the universal policy, including competing macro-level policy demands that favor addressing legacies of colonialism and human capacity development. To develop robust anti-doping support structures, African nations must spearhead anti-doping initiatives by leveraging existing infrastructure and encouraging collaborations between NADOs such that capacity can be built for policy implementation.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2624-9367",
doi="10.3389/fspor.2022.966559",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2022.966559"
}