@article{ref1,
title="Development and evaluation of performance measures for capacity utilization of traffic signals",
journal="Transportation research record",
year="2023",
author="Dobrota, Nemanja and Stevanovic, Aleksandar and Mitrovic, Nikola and Alshayeb, Suhaib and Zlatkovic, Milan",
volume="2677",
number="1",
pages="1337-1355",
abstract="Emerging high-resolution datasets allow for developing traffic signal performance measures (TSPMs) which can provide a better understanding of traffic signal operations. One of the specific objectives of signal operations is related to the measurement of capacity utilization. A fundamental measure for capacity utilization is the ?degree of saturation? (DS), and it has both volume-based and occupancy-based formulations. The former is known as ?volume over capacity ratio? (V/C), whereas the latter is known as ?green occupancy ratio? (GOR). When V/C is used to observe capacity utilization, it is not known whether the capacity is utilized from interrupted flow, free flow, or a combination of two. Similarly, the amount of time in the cycle utilized by volume (characterized with the first and last vehicle arrival time) is not revealed within V/C. On the other hand, GOR?overlooks? cases when a high number of vehicles travel without stopping or fewer vehicles depart the signal with significant startup delays and similar. In addition, because of a lack of scientific attention, GOR has often been misinterpreted as some similar, yet different TSPM. Therefore, if only V/C or GOR are used to monitor signal performance, the understanding of utilized capacity will be incomplete or misleading. This study proposes three TSPMs: ?queued volume in volume to capacity ratio? (QViV/C), ?cycle utilization? (CLU), and ?volume-occupancy capacity utilization? (VOCU) to overcome the limitations of V/C and GOR. Also, by evaluating existing occupancy-based measures, it was found that they can be used to estimate capacity utilization, including oversaturated conditions.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0361-1981",
doi="10.1177/03611981221104460",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03611981221104460"
}