@article{ref1,
title="How stair configurations in buildings affect pedestrian dynamics on stairs? A simulation study via an extended three-dimensional force-based model",
journal="Safety science",
year="2023",
author="Wang, Jianyu and Ma, Jian and Sarvi, Majid and Chen, Tao and Hu, Xiangmin",
volume="159",
number="",
pages="e106031-e106031",
abstract="Pedestrian movement on stairs is a complex three-dimensional dynamic process. However, previous models are inherently limited in that they ignored the significant effect of stair configurations. This paper presents an extended three-dimensional force-based model to describe pedestrian movement and evacuation dynamics on stairs. By calibrating with previous real-human experiments, this unique model is able to accurately reproduce the velocity/density relation under a wide range of inclination stairways. Then, we explored the basic questions about pedestrian dynamics on complex stair configurations. The results demonstrated that: (1) this unique model shows good universality for simulating pedestrian dynamics on stairs; (2) under the combined effect of narrow exit and stairway, the stair part is the primary factor that affects the specific flow; (3) the optimal stair dimension is a set of tread depth and riser height; (4) pedestrian density and the geometric layout of the stairwell significantly influence pedestrian merging ratio at the merging zone.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0925-7535",
doi="10.1016/j.ssci.2022.106031",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2022.106031"
}