@article{ref1,
title="Symbolism of the US battlefield cross: how boots, rifles, and helmets reinforce masculinity",
journal="Front. Sociol.",
year="2023",
author="Dundes, Lauren",
volume="8",
number="",
pages="e1148204-e1148204",
abstract="This paper explores the unconscious symbolism of the battlefield cross memorial, which is comprised of combat boots and a rifle, often with dog tags attached, topped by a helmet. While the memorial's manifest function is to provide solace, build solidarity, and convey respect for patriotic sacrifice in response to grief, the battlefield cross also exalts masculinity at a subliminal level. Because of the latent ways in which the components of the battlefield cross reinforce fallen soldiers' masculinity, the memorial provides an outlet for bereavement according to a masculine script that treats virility as sacrosanct. The resonance of the battlefield cross and its synergism with unrecognized gender coding in broader society illustrate how a powerful symbol intended to honor members of the military also valorizes machismo. This qualitative interpretation could help explain impediments to women achieving parity with men in the military.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2297-7775",
doi="10.3389/fsoc.2023.1148204",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2023.1148204"
}