@article{ref1,
title="Effectiveness of VR-based training on improving occupants' response and preparedness for active shooter incidents",
journal="Safety science",
year="2023",
author="Liu, Ruying and Becerik-Gerber, Burcin and Lucas, Gale M.",
volume="164",
number="",
pages="e106175-e106175",
abstract="Effective training for preparing building occupants for active shooter incidents is essential to reduce harm and fatalities. Virtual Reality (VR) technology has been increasingly used as a promising training method in many applications including emergency preparedness. However, previous studies for active shooter incidents have mainly focused on developing VR-based training prototypes. Thus, the effectiveness of VR-based training for active shooter incidents has yet to be rigorously studied. This study focuses on the effectiveness of VR-based training for active shooter preparedness compared to traditional training methods and investigates the factors behind the improved performance. To study the effectiveness of VR-based training, a total of 108 participants were recruited to experience video-based training, VR-based training with low interactivity, and VR-based training with high interactivity. Both objective and subjective measures were assessed. The results show that VR-based training is more effective than video-based training in improving participants' response performance and perceived preparedness for active shooter incidents. The immersion and interactivity of the VR-based training contribute to performance. Participants without previous training experience benefit more from VR-based training than participants who previously had received some training to prepare for active shooter incidents.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0925-7535",
doi="10.1016/j.ssci.2023.106175",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2023.106175"
}