@article{ref1,
title="We still have a lot to learn",
journal="Perspectives on behavior science",
year="2023",
author="Perone, Michael",
volume="46",
number="2",
pages="305-311",
abstract="Use of contingent electric skin shock in the treatment of severe problem behavior has been criticized on the grounds that (a) it is not necessary because function-based procedures using positive reinforcement are just as effective; (b) it violates contemporary ethical standards; and (c) it lacks social validity. There are good reasons to challenge these claims. The meaning of &quot;severe problem behavior&quot; is imprecise and we should be cautious in our claims about how to treat it. It is not clear that reinforcement-only procedures are sufficient because they are commonly paired with psychotropic medication, and there is evidence that some instances of severe behavior may be refractory to reinforcement-only procedures. Ethical standards, as expressed by the Behavior Analysis Certification Board and the Association for Behavior Analysis International, do not prohibit punishment procedures. Social validity is a complex concept that can be understood and measured in multiple, potentially conflicting ways. Because we still have a lot to learn about these matters, we should be more skeptical of sweeping claims such as the three enumerated above.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2520-8969",
doi="10.1007/s40614-023-00383-0",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40614-023-00383-0"
}