@article{ref1,
title="Characterization of some "hashish" samples in the Egyptian illicit trafficking market using a thermal separation probe and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry",
journal="ACS Omega",
year="2023",
author="Hassan, Saad S.M. and Kamel, Ayman H. and Awwad, Nasser S. and Aboterika, Awaad H.A.",
volume="8",
number="28",
pages="25378-25384",
abstract="Drugs that are illegal have long been a part of Egyptian society. The most widely misused form of narcotic is marijuana, also known as &quot;bango&quot;, and other cannabis-related products like &quot;hashish&quot;. The chemical profile of some available &quot;hashish&quot; in the local Egyptian illegal market and its possible country of origin are investigated using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry technique in conjunction with a thermal separation probe (TSP/GC/MS). The TSP/GC/MS method reveals the presence of 23 different terpenes, of which caryophylla-4(12),8(13)-dien-5α-ol, isoaromadendrene epoxide, caryophyllene, and alloaromadendrene oxide-(1) are detected in high relative proportions. Ten cannabinoid components are also detected. These are cannabiorcochromene (CBC-C1), tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-8-THC), exo-THC, cannabichromene, cannabidiol (CBD), cannabielsoin (CBE), dronabinol (delta-9-THC), cannabigerol (CBG), and cannabinol (CBN). Phenotypic index (THC % + CBN %)/CBD %) is measured for the test samples to identify both the nature of the samples (fiber- or drug-type cannabis) and the country of origin.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2470-1343",
doi="10.1021/acsomega.3c02809",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.3c02809"
}