@article{ref1,
title="The sexual and gender minority adverse childhood experiences scale",
journal="American journal of preventive medicine",
year="2023",
author="Schnarrs, Phillip W. and Dorri, Armin A. and Yockey, R. Andrew and Stone, Amy L. and Russell, Stephen T. and Rosenberger, Joshua G.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="INTRODUCTION: Sexual and gender minority adverse childhood experiences (SGM-ACEs) are identity-based forms of early life adversity. Exposure to SGM-ACEs is associated with increased odds for depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder in SGM adults. The purpose of this study was to further test a revised version of the measure in a U.S. sample with more robust and clinically relevant mental health outcomes. <br><br>METHODS: In May and June 2022, a national sample of SGM adults (n = 4,445) was recruited from a Qualtrics Panel to complete a 20-minute online survey that included questions regarding ACEs, SGM-ACEs, depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to examine factor structure. Multivariable regression was used to assess criterion validity, and a sensitivity analysis was conducted. Data were analyzed in February 2023. <br><br>RESULTS: Respondents indicate that vicarious trauma (81%) and school bullying (67%), were the most common experiences, and that all SGM-ACEs were frequently occurring prior to adulthood. CFA determined a one factor solution. Participants with more SGM-ACEs exposure had worse anxiety, depression, and PTSD symptoms (β = 0.16, β = 0.18, β = 0.26, p <.0001, respectively), after controlling for ACEs exposure and demographic factors. A sensitivity analysis indicated that estimates were similar in terms of magnitude and direction. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: SGM-ACEs are commonly and frequently occurring prior to adulthood and impact adult SGM mental health. Overall, the measure had good to excellent psychometric properties. Future research should consider integrating SGM-ACEs and Minority Stress Theory.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0749-3797",
doi="10.1016/j.amepre.2023.08.006",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2023.08.006"
}