@article{ref1,
title="Relative risk of cannabis, alcohol, and their combination on driver behavior in fatal crashes in Washington State",
journal="Journal of crime and criminal behavior",
year="2023",
author="Woo, Youngki and Willits, Dale W. and Stohr, Mary K. and Hemmens, Craig and Hoff, Staci",
volume="3",
number="1",
pages="33-59",
abstract="The greater availability of cannabis following legalization increases the likelihood that more drivers will drive drugged, rendering the determination of its effect on crashes a matter of vital public policy interest. For criminal justice agencies, this issue takes on increased importance, as drugged driving is a criminal offense. We examine the relative risk of cannabis (Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinols [hereafter THC]), alcohol, and the combination of the two, on fatal crashes in Washington state, using data from the Washington Coded Fatal Crash (WA-CFC) Files, which includes appended toxicology results. <br><br>FINDINGS indicate the presence of alcohol or the combination of alcohol and THC in the blood of a driver involved in a fatal crash is more likely to be associated with risky driving behaviors, fatal injuries, and death compared to THC alone.  Keywords: Ethanol impaired driving; Cannabis impaired driving; Drug impaired driving; <p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2583-0244",
doi="10.47509/JCCB.2023.v03i01.03",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.47509/JCCB.2023.v03i01.03"
}