@article{ref1,
title="Moral injury in psychiatric patients with personality and other clinical disorders: development, psychometric properties, and validity of the Moral Injury Events Scale-Civilian Version",
journal="European journal of psychotraumatology",
year="2023",
author="Szabó, Dominik and Békés, Vera and Lévay, Erika Evelyn and Salgó, Ella and Unoka, Zsolt Szabolcs",
volume="14",
number="2",
pages="e2247227-e2247227",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Moral injury emerges when someone perpetrates, fails to prevent, or witnesses acts that violate their own moral or ethical code. Nash et al. [(2013). Psychometric evaluation of the moral injury events scale. Military Medicine, 178(6), 646-652] developed a short measure, the Moral Injury Events Scale (MIES) to facilitate the empirical study of moral injury in the military. Our study aimed to develop a civilian version of the measure (MIES-CV) and examine its psychometric properties in a sample of psychiatric inpatients .<br><br>METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, the sample comprised 240 adult patients (71.7% female) with a mean age of 31.57 (SD = 11.69). The most common diagnoses in the sample were anxiety disorders (58.3%), depressive disorders (53.8%), and borderline personality disorder (39.6%). Participants were diagnosed using structured clinical interviews and filled out psychological questionnaires.<br><br>RESULTS: Exploratory factor analysis suggested that Nash et al.'s model (Perceived Transgressions, Perceived Betrayals) represents the data well. This two-factor solution showed an excellent fit in the confirmatory factor analysis, as well. Meaningful associations were observed between moral injury and psychopathology dimensions, shame, reflective functioning, well-being, and resilience. The Perceived Betrayals factor was a significant predictor of bipolar disorders, PTSD, paranoid personality disorder, borderline personality disorder, and avoidant personality disorder.<br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that this broad version of the MIES is a valid measure of moral injury that can be applied to psychiatric patients.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2000-8198",
doi="10.1080/20008066.2023.2247227",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20008066.2023.2247227"
}