@article{ref1,
title="Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, physical abuse and methylphenidate treatment in children",
journal="Nature mental health",
year="2023",
author="Man, Kenneth K. C. and Gao, Le and Lau, Wallis C. Y. and Fan, Min and Coghill, Prof David and Chan, Esther W. and Chui, Celine S. L. and Li, Xue and Chan, Adrienne Y. L. and Lum, Prof Terry and Luo, Hao and Au Yeung, Shiu Lun and Wei, Prof Li and Wong, Kirstie H. T. W. and Tung, Keith T. S. and Wong, Rosa S. and Lee, Prof Tatia M. C. and Rao, Prof Nirmala and Wing, Prof Yun K. and Ip, Patrick and Wong, Prof Ian C. K.",
volume="1",
number="1",
pages="66-75",
abstract="A growing number of studies show an association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and physical abuse in childhood. We examined temporal associations of physical abuse risk with methylphenidate treatment in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Using Hong Kong electronic medical records, we conducted a self-controlled case series study in 1,064 children (5-16 years old) who were treated with methylphenidate and also experienced physical abuse. Compared with non-medicated periods, a higher risk of abuse was observed shortly before treatment initiation (incidence rate ratio = 4.49; 95% confidence interval = 3.76-5.36). After treatment initiation, the risk was comparable to that in non-medicated periods (incidence rate ratio = 0.90; 95% confidence interval = 0.63-1.29), followed by a 37% reduction during subsequent treatment. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that methylphenidate treatment in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is associated with a reduced risk of becoming a victim of physical abuse.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2731-6076",
doi="10.1038/s44220-022-00008-6",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s44220-022-00008-6"
}