@article{ref1,
title="The association between depressive symptoms with fear of falling and cognitive decline in older adults in the Korean community: an analysis of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA), 2006-2020",
journal="Archives of gerontology and geriatrics",
year="2023",
author="Yao, Shaoli and Chen, Xi-Wen",
volume="117",
number="",
pages="e105177-e105177",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the effects of fear of falling (FOF) on cognitive decline in older adults in the Korean community, depending on the presence of accompanying depressive symptoms. <br><br>METHODS: A total of 6263 individuals were included in the final analysis. Based on their baseline evaluation results for depressive symptoms and FOF, the subjects were divided into four groups: &quot;normal control&quot; (NC, n = 3783), &quot;depression only&quot; (Dep-only, n = 291), &quot;fear of falling only&quot; (FOF-only, n = 1755), and &quot;depression with fear of falling&quot; (Dep-FOF, n = 434). Cognitive decline was defined as a loss of more than three points in the K-MMSE score in participants with at least two years of follow-up. We examined the association between FOF accompanied by depressive symptoms and cognitive decline using a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model. <br><br>RESULTS: Cognitive decline occurred in 76.3%, 68.5%, 63.9%, and 56.4% of the Dep-FOF, FOF-only, Dep-only, and NC groups, respectively. Our findings suggest that individuals with FOF do not always have cognitive decline (HR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.95-1.12, P = 0.43) compared to individuals without FOF. Furthermore, depressive symptoms with FOF are associated with a higher risk of cognitive decline (HR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.08-1.41, P = 0.002) in community-dwelling older adults in Korea. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Healthcare providers should be attentive to community-dwelling older adults who experience both depressive symptoms and FOF because our findings suggest that this unique combination increases the risk of cognitive decline.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0167-4943",
doi="10.1016/j.archger.2023.105177",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2023.105177"
}