@article{ref1,
title="From pawn to knights: the changing role of women's agency in terrorism?",
journal="Studies in conflict and terrorism",
year="2023",
author="Bloom, Mia and Lokmanoglu, Ayse",
volume="46",
number="4",
pages="399-414",
abstract="As terrorist groups became more technologically advanced with their media campaigns, the global audience began to see pictures of women in black burkas pledging allegiance to the so-called Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) and posing with guns. Although there is a backlash against such change that we see reflected in the ideologies of violent extremism; the shifts in gender relations within these groups are significant to examine. Further, we face questions about the repatriation of ISIS women and children to their countries of origin - notably questions of agency and culpability within the mainstream media. This paper asks: to what extent have women's roles changed within and across terrorist groups? Is there a move toward women's empowerment, or is it a facade? Analyzing the three cases of Al-Qaeda (AQ), Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), and Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) does their advent represent a significant shift? The emergence of ISIS and Boko Haram's explicitly gendered strategies of violence and recruitment within the highly patriarchal and misogynistic Salafi-jihadist culture, and PKK's postconflict gender-equal political advances demonstrates that addressing women's agency through a gendered analysis outside of the masculine domain is imperative. Scholars should challenge the idea that women have limited roles.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1057-610X",
doi="10.1080/1057610X.2020.1759263",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1057610X.2020.1759263"
}