@article{ref1,
title="Relationships among self-esteem, bullying, and cyberbullying in adolescents: a systematic review",
journal="Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services",
year="2023",
author="Agustiningsih, Nia and Yusuf, Ah and Ahsan, Ahsan",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="The current systematic review explored relationships among self-esteem, bullying, and cyberbullying in adolescents. Three databases were used to search for articles pertaining to mental health, health care, and the social sciences. Keywords, including &quot;bully,&quot; &quot;victim,&quot; &quot;victimization,&quot; &quot;harassment,&quot; &quot;aggression,&quot; and &quot;abuse,&quot; were used to describe victims of cyberbullying and locate relevant articles. A total of 861 articles were found during the initial search, 110 were assessed for eligibility, and 10 ultimately met inclusion criteria. Most studies found correlations among self-esteem, bullying, and cyberbullying. Self-esteem was linked to being a victim of cyberbullying but not to being a perpetrator of cyberbullying or bullying in general. Students with high self-esteem at the beginning of the school year were more likely to become bullies as they got older, whereas those with low self-esteem were less likely to do so. In addition, self-esteem was found to have direct negative effects on victimization and cybervictimization, and victimization and cybervictimization were found to have direct negative effects on peer difficulties. <br><br>FINDINGS suggest that adolescent bullying and cyberbullying perpetration may be mitigated by higher levels of self-esteem. Parents should pay close attention to and limit adolescents' exposure to bullying and cyberbullying and stressful life events. Psychiatric nurses should routinely screen adolescents and develop interventions to enhance self-esteem and reduce bullying and cyberbullying. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, xx(xx), xx-xx.].<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0279-3695",
doi="10.3928/02793695-20231013-01",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/02793695-20231013-01"
}