@article{ref1,
title="The Revised Child-to-Parent Aggressions Questionnaire: an examination during the Covid-19 pandemic",
journal="Journal of family violence",
year="2023",
author="Calvete, Esther and Jiménez-Granado, Aitor and Orue, Izaskun",
volume="38",
number="8",
pages="1563-1576",
abstract="Child-to-parent violence (CPV) is an important type of family violence that has been relatively understudied. This study examined the main psychometric properties of the revised Child-to-Parent Aggression Questionnaire (CPAQ-R), which examines both violent behaviors against parents and reasons for these behaviors. The aims included identifying the dimensions of CPV and examining the magnitude of CPV during the COVID-19 pandemic.  Methods A sample of 1,244 adolescents (aged from 12 to 17) from several schools in the Basque Country completed the CPAQ-R. Several confirmatory factor analyses were conducted, including exploratory, confirmatory, exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM), and bifactor analyses.  Results The data supported a bifactor ESEM model in which a general factor of violence against parents explained aggressions against both mothers and fathers. In addition, three reasons for the violence emerged: instrumental, reactive, and defensive reasons. Rates of CPV during the COVID-19 pandemic were high, with 16.5% of adolescents reporting reiterative aggressions against their parents. There were no differences between aggressions against mothers and fathers.  Conclusions The CPAQ-R is an adequate questionnaire for assessing CPV in adolescents. The confinement and restrictions placed on families during the COVID-19 pandemic may explain the high prevalence of CPV and shed light on possible differences related to the sex of the parents.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0885-7482",
doi="10.1007/s10896-022-00465-8",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10896-022-00465-8"
}