@article{ref1,
title="Permanent standard time is the optimal choice for health and safety: an American Academy of Sleep Medicine position statement",
journal="Journal of clinical sleep medicine",
year="2023",
author="Rishi, Muhammad Adeel and Cheng, Jocelyn Y. and Strang, Abigail R. and Sexton-Radek, Kathy and Ganguly, Gautam and Licis, Amy and Flynn-Evans, Erin E. and Berneking, Michael W. and Bhui, Raj and Creamer, Jennifer and Kundel, Vaishnavi and Spector, Andrew R. and Olaoye, Olatunji and Hashmi, Sarah D. and Abbasi-Feinberg, Fariha and Abreu, Alexandre Rocha and Gurubhagavatula, Indira and Kapur, Vishesh K. and Kuhlmann, David and Martin, Jennifer and Olson, Eric and Patil, Susheel and Rowley, James and Shelgikar, Anita and Trotti, Lynn Marie and Wickwire, Emerson M. and Sullivan, Shannon S.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="The period of the year from spring to fall, when clocks in most parts of the United States are set one hour ahead of standard time, is called daylight saving time, and its beginning and ending dates and times are set by federal law. The human biological clock is regulated by the timing of light and darkness, which then dictates sleep and wake rhythms. In daily life, the timing of exposure to light is generally linked to the social clock. When the solar clock is misaligned with the social clock, desynchronization occurs between the internal circadian rhythm and the social clock. The yearly change between standard time and daylight saving time introduces this misalignment, which has been associated with risks to physical and mental health and safety, as well as risks to public health. In 2020, the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) published a position statement advocating for the elimination of seasonal time changes, suggesting that evidence best supports the adoption of year-round standard time. This updated statement cites new evidence and support for permanent standard time. It is the position of the AASM that the United States should eliminate seasonal time changes in favor of permanent standard time, which aligns best with human circadian biology. Evidence supports the distinct benefits of standard time for health and safety, while also underscoring the potential harms that result from seasonal time changes to and from daylight saving time.   Keywords: daylight saving time; standard time; summer time<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1550-9389",
doi="10.5664/jcsm.10898",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.10898"
}